Author:

Keywords:

peroxisomes, flavin oxidases, catalase, hydrogen peroxide, cysteine oxidation, redox signaling, oxidative stress, organelle dysfunction, human disease, Science & Technology, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Physical Sciences, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Chemistry, Multidisciplinary, Chemistry, CARDIAC-SPECIFIC OVEREXPRESSION, CATALASE-OVEREXPRESSION, OXIDATIVE STRESS, SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE, GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE, CANCER CELLS, INTRAMOLECULAR DISULFIDE, QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT, PREVENTS HYPERTENSION, ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES, Animals, Biological Transport, Cell Membrane Permeability, Disease Susceptibility, Energy Metabolism, Homeostasis, Humans, Hydrogen Peroxide, Mitochondria, Oxidation-Reduction, Oxidative Stress, Peroxisomes, Reactive Oxygen Species, Signal Transduction, PERICO - 812968;info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/812968, C14/18/088#54689605, G091819N#54969808, 0399 Other Chemical Sciences, 0604 Genetics, 0699 Other Biological Sciences, Chemical Physics, 3101 Biochemistry and cell biology, 3107 Microbiology, 3404 Medicinal and biomolecular chemistry

Abstract:

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a non-radical reactive oxygen species generated during many (patho)physiological conditions, is currently universally recognized as an important mediator of redox-regulated processes. Depending on its spatiotemporal accumulation profile, this molecule may act as a signaling messenger or cause oxidative damage. The focus of this review is to comprehensively evaluate the evidence that peroxisomes, organelles best known for their role in cellular lipid metabolism, also serve as hubs in the H2O2 signaling network. We first briefly introduce the basic concepts of how H2O2 can drive cellular signaling events. Next, we outline the peroxisomal enzyme systems involved in H2O2 metabolism in mammals and reflect on how this oxidant can permeate across the organellar membrane. In addition, we provide an up-to-date overview of molecular targets and biological processes that can be affected by changes in peroxisomal H2O2 metabolism. Where possible, emphasis is placed on the molecular mechanisms and factors involved. From the data presented, it is clear that there are still numerous gaps in our knowledge. Therefore, gaining more insight into how peroxisomes are integrated in the cellular H2O2 signaling network is of key importance to unravel the precise role of peroxisomal H2O2 production and scavenging in normal and pathological conditions.