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This paper presents the TheSu XML annotation scheme, which is intended to be an indexing and mapping tool for intellectual historians. Its sheets contain “theses” extracted from written works, representing the stance of their authors or of the individuals quoted in the text, classified by themes and other peculiarities. These theses, linked between them in argumentative and expository “supports”, compose a network identifiable with the “scientific discourse” that the work they are included in means to convey. Being it representative of an author’s scientific or philosophical thought, it is always important for the historian researching on that author’s ideas to give proper and articulate consideration to all its elements and their relations. TheSu is designed to aid in this operation, by providing the possibility of generating organized lists and maps of the “Argumentative-Expository Systems” of interest to the historian. In this presentation, examples are provided from an exhaustive case annotation of Plutarch’s Aquane an ignis utilior sit. TheSu is also briefly compared to apparently similar annotation schemes in Argumentation Mining to better show its individual features and aims.