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Abstract:

The Quebec Task Force defines whiplash-associated disorders (WAD) as the spectrum of signs and symptoms which may be experienced as a result of a whiplash injury. An assessment focused on history taking and physical examination, if necessary combined with technical examination(s), will help classify WAD into different grades according to seriousness. Although WAD is usually a benign problem which is likely to resolve spontaneously in time, approximately 50% of those affected are still reporting symptoms after one year and a minority will develop a long lasting important disability. Besides exclusion of serious pathology such as fractures or dislocations, one of the most important tasks remains the prevention of chronicity. Prognostic factors play a central role. Knowing and identifying them in an early stage of WAD and applying optimal interventions are crucial in the treatment of WAD. In this overview we describe the classification system of WAD with a special focus on key symptoms and signs and discuss the various prognostic factors and their influence on recovery of WAD.