Author:

Keywords:

Kalman filter, emulator, PV generators, real-time systems, Science & Technology, Technology, Energy & Fuels, Emulator, Real-time systems, Kalman filters, SIMULATION, SYSTEMS, C24/16/018#53766069, 09 Engineering, 12 Built Environment and Design, Energy, 33 Built environment and design, 40 Engineering

Abstract:

This paper aims to emulate the IV characteristics of a multiple-substring photovoltaic (PV) module under nonuniform irradiance levels by taking into account the breakdown voltage of shaded cells, congurations of bypass diode connections, and cell temperatures. A suitable control scheme for the emulator's power stage signicantly improves the performance of the emulator's output. As a result, this PV emulator proves to be capable of performing under various operating conditions of the PV module including uniform irradiation and nonuniform partial shading with great accuracy.