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This thesis examines the complex relationship between the autonomy of religious institutions and the authority of the diocesan bishop, especially in the context of episcopal visitations. The first chapter provides a careful analysis of the relevant canons of the CIC1983, namely c. 586 on the autonomy of religious institutions, and cc. 396, 397 and 683 on episcopal authority in the context of religious visitation. This analysis shows that there is a tendency to prioritize authority. This can lead to an imbalance between autonomy and authority, and even a violation of the autonomy of religious institutions. Because it helps to understand how relationships have been able to develop throughout history, the second chapter examines the historical context of autonomy and authority in the early Church and in the important councils. In the interaction between local bishops and monasteries, a tendency appears to give local bishops authority over monks and monasteries, at the expense of their autonomy. Over time, the recognition of religious autonomy grew, eventually leading to the explicit recognition of the concept of autonomy in the CIC1983. To balance the tension between authority and autonomy in a more fruitful way, the third chapter places the earlier findings in an ecclesiological context. Instead of the institutional ecclesiological model that currently dominates canon law, we propose the ecclesiology of synodality as a promising framework that can effectively reconcile autonomy and authority. Synodal principles contribute to a transformative approach to church governance that emphasizes listening, discernment, service, and the active participation of all members. Finally, the thesis translates synodal ecclesiological principles into concrete canon law and makes suggestions for the revision of certain canons to better reflect synodal principles and facilitate a harmonious relationship between autonomy and authority, especially in the episcopal visitation of religious. In short, the thesis argues for the integration of synodal principles into the CIC1983 and for visitation processes that promote cooperation, inclusiveness and mutual respect between religious institutions and ecclesiastical authorities.