Author:

Keywords:

Science & Technology, Technology, Physical Sciences, Engineering, Electrical & Electronic, Materials Science, Multidisciplinary, Physics, Condensed Matter, Engineering, Materials Science, Physics, ZnO, p-type ZnO, sodium, lattice location, emission channeling, diffusion, P-TYPE ZNO, GROUP-I ELEMENTS, QUADRUPOLE-MOMENTS, SINGLE-CRYSTALS, ACCEPTOR, DONOR, FILMS, FABRICATION, BEHAVIOR, LITHIUM, 0204 Condensed Matter Physics, 0906 Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 0912 Materials Engineering, Applied Physics, 4009 Electronics, sensors and digital hardware, 5104 Condensed matter physics

Abstract:

© 2016 IOP Publishing Ltd. The angular distribution of β - particles emitted by the radioactive isotope 24Na was monitored following implantation into ZnO single crystals at fluences above 5 × 1012 cm-2 at CERN's ISOLDE facility. We identified sodium on two distinct sites: on substitutional Zn sites and on interstitial sites that are close to the so-called octahedral site. The interstitial Na was to a large extent already converted to substitutional Na for annealing at 200 °C, from which an activation energy of 0.8-1.3 eV, most likely around 1.2 eV, is estimated for the migration of interstitial Na in ZnO.